Citrobacter freundii strain S1284

Citrobacter freundii strain S1284 is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium characterized as a facultative anaerobe, possessing true flagella. It is nonsporulating and has a single replicon. This strain is commonly found in diverse habitats, including hospital sewage, intestinal tracts, various sewage environments, soil, and surface waters. The strain has a wide host range, affecting multiple species, including Homo sapiens, various Metazoa, and several domesticated and wild animals such as Oryctolagus cuniculus (European rabbit), Canis lupus familiaris (domestic dog), and Felis catus (domestic cat). It is also associated with aquatic species like Tilapia and Cyprinus carpio. C. freundii strain S1284 is known for its role in opportunistic infections. In humans, it can cause infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts, while in animals, it is implicated in respiratory and wound infections in horses, respiratory tract infections in dogs, and various infections in cats. This highlights its potential as a pathogen in both human and veterinary medicine. The presence of C. freundii in diverse environments suggests its ecological adaptability and persistence in various ecosystems, including those impacted by human activities, such as sewage. Its ability to thrive in hospital settings underscores its significance in public health, particularly concerning nosocomial infections. This strain exemplifies the intersection of environmental microbiology and clinical microbiology, illustrating the potential for opportunistic pathogens to emerge from complex ecological interactions.