Capnocytophaga canimorsus

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic rod-shaped bacterium that is a chemoheterotroph. It is non-motile and does not possess flagella, which distinguishes it from some other bacterial species. C. canimorsus thrives optimally at a temperature of 37°C and falls within the mesophilic temperature range. This bacterium is free-living and can be found in multiple habitats. It is associated with various hosts, including Homo sapiens, Metazoa, Canis lupus familiaris (domestic dogs), and Felis catus (domestic cats). C. canimorsus is known to cause a range of health effects in humans, including bacteremia, endocarditis, meningitis, and a variety of severe infections such as sepsis and cellulitis. Infections can also manifest as localized wound infections, ocular infections, or systemic infections, with some cases leading to lethal outcomes. The presence of C. canimorsus in domestic pets, particularly dogs and cats, suggests a potential zoonotic transmission route, highlighting the importance of close human-animal interactions. Given its ability to cause severe infections, understanding the ecology and pathogenic mechanisms of C. canimorsus is crucial for developing preventive measures and treatment strategies for at-risk populations.