Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium SSC 1336, 14 031 0002, Vet. 1387

Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium SSC 1336, 14 031 0002, Vet. 1387 is a rod-shaped bacterium characterized by its single-cell arrangement and the presence of flagella. This species thrives at an optimal temperature of 37 degrees Celsius, indicating its mesophilic nature. It possesses a single replicon, which is typical for bacteria of this genus. This subspecies is classified as free-living, suggesting it can exist independently in various environments. It has a diverse range of hosts, including Homo sapiens (humans), Bos taurus (cattle), Sus scrofa (pigs), Aves (birds), and other Metazoa and Mammalia species, as well as Equidae (horses). M. avium subsp. avium is associated with several health effects in its hosts, notably tuberculosis, avian mycobacteriosis, lymphadenitis, parenchymatous tuberculosis, and intestinal mycobacteriosis. These conditions highlight the pathogenic potential of this bacterium, particularly in livestock and wildlife, which can serve as reservoirs for transmission to humans. The presence of this bacterium in various animal hosts and its association with significant health issues underscore its ecological importance. It illustrates the role of environmental and interspecies interactions in the epidemiology of mycobacterial diseases. Understanding the biology and behavior of M. avium subsp. avium can aid in managing its impact on both animal and human health. The accession number for this strain is CP046507.1, which allows for further research and reference.