Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis JIII-386

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis JIII-386 is a rod-shaped bacterium that primarily inhabits the gut. It is characterized by a single cell arrangement and possesses flagella, indicating motility. This organism operates optimally at a temperature of 37°C, falling within the mesophilic temperature range, which is conducive to its growth and survival. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis JIII-386 is known to be free-living and has a diverse range of hosts, including Homo sapiens (humans), Bos taurus (cattle), Bos (bovines), Metazoa (a broad category of multicellular animals), Ovis aries (sheep), Primates, Capra hircus (goats), and Cervidae (deer). This wide host range suggests a significant ecological adaptability. Health impacts associated with this bacterium include systemic infections and chronic intestinal inflammation, particularly noted in the context of Johne's disease, a condition that affects the intestines of ruminants and can lead to severe economic losses in livestock. The chronic nature of the diseases it causes emphasizes its potential role in long-term health issues in affected hosts. The presence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in various animal species and its association with serious health conditions underline the importance of understanding its biology and ecology. This knowledge can aid in the development of management strategies to mitigate its impact on both animal health and human health, as it is noted that the bacterium can also infect humans. The accession number for this strain is CP042454.1, which can be referenced for further genomic information.