Enterococcus faecalis strain IV23

Enterococcus faecalis strain IV23 is a Gram-positive, cocci-shaped bacterium that is classified as a chemoorganotroph, utilizing organic compounds for energy. This strain is a facultative anaerobe, capable of surviving in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, with an optimal growth temperature of 37°C, placing it within the mesophilic temperature range. It possesses a single membrane and a single replicon, indicating a streamlined genetic structure. E. faecalis IV23 is free-living and has a wide range of hosts, including humans (Homo sapiens), domesticated animals such as chickens (Gallus gallus) and pigs (Sus scrofa), as well as various fish (e.g., Lutjanus russellii, Danio rerio) and other organisms (Metazoa, Insecta, Canis lupus familiaris, Felis catus, Phocoena phocoena). This bacterium is known for its pathogenicity in humans, linked to numerous health complications. It can cause serious infections including bacteremia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), endocarditis, meningitis, and various nosocomial infections. Additionally, E. faecalis IV23 has been implicated in infections across different body systems, including intestinal inflammation and infections in surgical sites, making it a significant concern in clinical microbiology. The presence of E. faecalis in diverse habitats and its ability to infect various hosts underscore its ecological versatility and potential role in both health and disease dynamics. Its adaptability to different environments and hosts may facilitate its persistence and spread in both natural and clinical settings.