Brachyspira hyodysenteriae ATCC 27164 strain B-78

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae ATCC 27164 strain B-78 is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium belonging to the Spirilla shape category. This organism, characterized by its mobility and presence of flagella, is classified as a chemoheterotroph, utilizing organic compounds as its energy source. It exhibits a single-cell arrangement, which is common among many free-living bacteria. The optimal growth temperature for Brachyspira hyodysenteriae B-78 is 37°C, placing it within the mesophilic temperature range. This optimal temperature aligns with the physiological conditions found in the intestines of its host, particularly in pigs, where it is known to cause swine dysentery. The strain has a single replicon and is surrounded by two membranes, which is typical for Gram-negative bacteria. Notably, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is nonsporulating, indicating that it does not form spores to survive adverse conditions. This trait limits its resilience compared to spore-forming bacteria but suggests a reliance on specific ecological niches for survival. In a broader ecological context, the free-living nature of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae highlights its potential impact on livestock health and the importance of managing its presence in agricultural settings. Understanding its traits and habitat preferences can inform strategies for controlling its spread and mitigating the risks associated with infections in swine populations.