Melissococcus plutonius strain DAT561

Melissococcus plutonius strain DAT561 is a Gram-positive, non-motile cocci bacterium that exhibits anaerobic growth and is classified as a chemoheterotroph. This strain thrives optimally at a temperature of 35°C and falls within the mesophilic temperature range. It contains two replicons, indicating a level of genetic complexity. This bacterium is primarily associated with the Apinae family, notably affecting the honeybee species Apis mellifera and other members of the Anthophila group. Melissococcus plutonius is known for its pathogenic relationship with honeybees, specifically causing European foulbrood (EFB), a bacterial disease that impacts honeybee brood health. The presence of this pathogen poses significant threats to bee populations, which are vital for pollination and biodiversity. Melissococcus plutonius strain DAT561 does not form spores, which may influence its survival strategies in various environments. Its anaerobic nature suggests that it may thrive in the gut microbiota of honeybees or in other organic matter where oxygen levels are minimal. In summary, Melissococcus plutonius strain DAT561 plays a pivotal role in the health of honeybee populations, linked directly to the prevalence of European foulbrood disease. Understanding the traits and behaviors of this bacterium is crucial for managing the health of bee colonies and ensuring the ecological balance supported by these pollinators.