Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi C str.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi C str. is a Gram-negative bacterium characterized by its microaerophilic oxygen requirement and spirilla shape. It is classified as a chemoorganotroph, deriving its energy from organic compounds. This bacterium typically exists in chains and singles and is non-motile, possessing flagella. Its habitat is primarily host-associated, with a notable range of hosts that include Homo sapiens (humans), Gallus gallus (domestic chickens), various Metazoa, and several plant species such as Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and Hordeum vulgare (barley). Additionally, it can infect mammals and fish, such as Sus scrofa (pigs) and Lates niloticus (Nile perch), respectively. S. Paratyphi C has a mesophilic temperature range, with an optimal growth temperature of 37°C. It contains two replicons and two membranes, typical of Gram-negative bacteria. This organism does not form spores, indicating a reliance on host environments for survival and propagation. Health impacts associated with S. Paratyphi C include bacteremia, acute cholecystitis, and various forms of gastroenteritis, such as food poisoning and systemic infections. The bacterium is often implicated in foodborne illnesses, leading to significant public health concerns. The diverse host range and ability to cause severe health effects underline the ecological adaptability of S. Paratyphi C. This adaptability suggests that monitoring its presence in both animal and plant hosts is crucial for preventing outbreaks of salmonellosis, emphasizing the importance of food safety measures.