Agrobacterium tumefaciens str. CFBP 5771

Agrobacterium tumefaciens str. CFBP 5771 is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium known for its role in plant pathology, particularly in inducing tumors in various host plants, a condition known as crown gall disease. This organism exhibits mobility due to the presence of flagella and is classified as an aerobe, requiring oxygen for its growth. It thrives optimally at 25°C and falls within the mesophilic temperature range. The bacterium is free-living and has a single replicon with a structure consisting of two membranes, characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria. A. tumefaciens interacts with a wide range of hosts within the Viridiplantae kingdom, including economically significant crops such as Triticum aestivum (wheat), Solanum tuberosum (potato), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), and Oryza sativa (rice). Other hosts include Arabidopsis, Glycine max (soybean), and even ornamental plants like Ficus benjamina (weeping fig) and Zingiber officinale (ginger). The pathogenicity of A. tumefaciens is primarily due to its ability to transfer DNA to plant cells, leading to the formation of tumors. The health effects associated with this bacterium include various symptoms of crown gall disease, which can detrimentally affect plant growth and yield. In ecological terms, A. tumefaciens plays a significant role in the dynamics of plant-microbe interactions, influencing plant health and agricultural productivity. Understanding its mechanisms of pathogenicity can inform disease management strategies in agriculture, particularly for crops that are susceptible to crown gall tumors.