Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis 108

Cellulolytic capability is widely distributed across the domain bacteria and extremely thermophilic cellulose-degrading microorganisms are of particular fundamental and biotechnological interest owing to the presence of highly thermostable enzymes. Caldicellulosiruptor hydrothermalis (strain DSM 18901 / VKM B-2411 / 108) is a strictly anaerobic, cellulolytic, non-spore-forming, extremely thermophilic, Gram-positive bacterium isolated from a terrestrial neutral geothermal spring in the southern region of Kamchatka (Far East, Russia). Cells are short, straight rods (3-3.2 x 0.5-0.7 mm) with flagella. Temperature range for growth is between 70-78 degrees Celsius, with optimum growth at 79 degrees Celsius. The pH range for growth is between 6.0-8.0, with optimum growth at pH 7.0. It is a chemo-organoheterotroph which is capable of fermenting a wide spectrum of carbohydrates (cellulose, starch, xylan, dextran, pectin, cellobiose, glucose, fructose, sucrose, xylose, maltose, galactose, lactose, arabinose, mannitol and yeast extract). It does not grow with pyruvate, chitin, raffinose, trehalose, ribose or peptone. It possesses an inverted region that could exist outside of the chromosome. With optimal growth temperatures ranging from 70-78 degrees Celsius, the genus Caldicellulosiruptor contains the most thermophilic microorganisms capable of biological cellulose hydrolysis known. (Adapted from PMID: 21216991 and 18523201). (EBI Integr8)