Helicobacter cinaedi CCUG 18818 = ATCC BAA-847

Helicobacter cinaedi CCUG 18818 = ATCC BAA-847 is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that thrives optimally at 37°C, classifying it as a mesophile. This microbe is a heterotroph, relying on organic compounds for its carbon and energy sources. Additionally, it is categorized as a microaerophile, requiring lower levels of oxygen than what is present in the atmosphere for optimal growth and metabolism. Helicobacter cinaedi is primarily isolated from human gastrointestinal tracts, although it has been found colonizing various other body sites, including blood and stool samples. This bacterium is notable for its role in human health, being associated with gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis and peptic ulcers. Its unique spiral shape aids motility, allowing it to navigate the viscous mucus layer of the stomach lining, where it adheres and proliferates. The pathogenic potential of Helicobacter cinaedi is particularly noteworthy, given its ability to evade the immune response and establish chronic infections. Genetic adaptations, including the presence of virulence factors, contribute to its survival in harsh gastric conditions. In some cases, this microbe has been linked to extra-gastrointestinal diseases, including bacteremia and infections in immunocompromised patients, highlighting its capacity to disseminate beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Its close relationship with other members of the Helicobacter genus, particularly Helicobacter pylori, raises questions about its evolutionary adaptations and ecological niche among human microbiota. Continued research into Helicobacter cinaedi may unlock new insights into its role in disease etiology and potential therapeutic avenues for managing infections it causes.