Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist

Gram-positiveRodNon-motileAerobe

Kingdom

Bacillati

Phylum

Actinomycetota

Class

Actinomycetes

Order

Micrococcales

Family

Tropherymataceae

Genus

Tropheryma

Description

Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist is a gram-positive, rod-shaped microbe that thrives in mesophilic temperatures, categorizing it as a Chemoheterotroph, and can be found in all body sites of its human host, from the gastrointestinal tract to the central nervous system, and is an Obligate Anaerobe. The gram-positive characteristic indicates that the microbe has a thick peptidoglycan layer in its cell wall, which retains the crystal violet stain used in the gram staining procedure, appearing purple under a microscope. Its rod-shaped morphology allows it to adhere to and invade host cells efficiently. As a mesophile, Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist grows best in temperatures between 20-45°C, which is typical for many human pathogens.As a Chemoheterotroph, the microbe relies on organic compounds for energy and carbon, which it obtains from its host. This classification also implies that it cannot produce its own food through photosynthesis or chemical reactions. The ability of Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist to infect all body sites makes it a highly adaptable and versatile pathogen. Its strict requirement for anaerobic conditions suggests that it is well-suited to the low-oxygen environments found in many parts of the human body. ↵Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist causes Whipple's disease, a rare but potentially fatal condition if left untreated, and recent studies have shed light on its genetic diversity and the importance of early diagnosis for effective treatment, with research ongoing to understand its complex interactions with the human host and to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.

Taxonomy

KingdomBacillati
PhylumActinomycetota
ClassActinomycetes
OrderMicrococcales
FamilyTropherymataceae
GenusTropheryma
SpeciesTropheryma whipplei
StrainTwist

Profile

Physiology
Gram staining propertiesPositive
ShapeRod
MobilityNo
Flagellar presenceYes
Number of membranes1
Image of Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist
AI-generated image based on bacteria physiology
Ecology, Host, and Life Cycle
Oxygen requirementsAerobe
Optimal temperature37
Temperature rangeMesophilic
HabitatHostAssociated
Biotic relationshipNot Available
Host(s)Not Available
Cell arrangementNot Available
SporulationNot Available
Energy sourceNot Available
PathogenicityYes

Genome Summary

Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist, complete sequence.

Gene Summary

Adenine Count

252206 bp

Thymine Count

245459 bp

Guanine Count

213258 bp

Cytosine Count

216380 bp

Genome Length

927303 bp

Protein-coding Genes

843 genes

Non-Coding Genes

56 genes

# of Chromosomes/Plasmids

1

Genes

NameLocus TagUniProt IDStrand OrientationGene Start/EndProtein Molecular Weight
f0f1 atp synthase subunit aTWT_RS02480C1A1Y4Negative522730 - 52354529711.7
hypothetical proteinTWT_RS02485Not AvailableNegative523546 - 52398315802.1
mray family glycosyltransferaseTWT_RS02490P45830Negative524024 - 52512440415.0
l-threonylcarbamoyladenylate synthaseTWT_RS02495P9WGC8Negative525171 - 52584824377.7
peptide chain release factor n(5)-glutamine methyltransferaseTWT_RS02500Q9PD67Negative525897 - 52675431646.3
peptide chain release factor 1TWT_RS02505B0RAQ5Negative526758 - 52780139032.0
transcription termination factor rhoTWT_RS02510P52154Negative527877 - 52924149793.8
homoserine kinaseTWT_RS02515A5CQ46Negative529312 - 53029534965.7
threonine synthaseTWT_RS02520A0R220Negative530360 - 53141236816.6
homoserine dehydrogenaseTWT_RS02525P63630Negative531419 - 53279249084.4

Displaying genes 491 – 500 of 899 in total

Pathways

0 pathways

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this bacterium yet.

Metabolites

1755 records
Metabolite IDMetabolite nameStructureCAS number
BASm0000237(R)-4'-phosphopantothenateC9H18NO8PChemical structure of (R)-4'-phosphopantothenateNot available
Average299.2149Da
Monoisotopic299.0770031Da
BASm00002502,5-didehydro-D-gluconateC6H7O7Chemical structure of 2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate53736-12-2
Average191.1156Da
Monoisotopic191.019177578Da
BASm00002512-dehydropantoateC6H9O4Chemical structure of 2-dehydropantoateNot available
Average145.1333Da
Monoisotopic145.050083776Da
BASm00002603alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanateC24H37O5Chemical structure of 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanateNot available
Average405.556Da
Monoisotopic405.264647871Da
BASm0000387(6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateC20H21N7O6Chemical structure of (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateNot available
Average455.432Da
Monoisotopic455.1564286Da
BASm0000515mycothioneC34H58N4O24S2Chemical structure of mycothioneNot available
Average970.96Da
Monoisotopic970.2882411Da
BASm0000989GlycerolC3H8O3Chemical structure of Glycerol56-81-5
Average92.0938Da
Monoisotopic92.04734412Da
BASm0001167triphosphateO10P3Chemical structure of triphosphate14127-68-5
Average252.9153Da
Monoisotopic252.8704308Da
BASm0001225dodecanoateC12H23O2Chemical structure of dodecanoateNot available
Average199.3098Da
Monoisotopic199.169805Da
BASm00012442-succinylbenzoateC11H8O5Chemical structure of 2-succinylbenzoate27415-09-04
Average220.181Da
Monoisotopic220.038270517Da

Displaying 1–10 of 1755 metabolites

Health Effects

No health effects information available for this bacterium.