Brevibacterium linens

Gram-positiveRodAerobe

Kingdom

Bacillati

Phylum

Actinomycetota

Class

Actinomycetes

Order

Micrococcales

Family

Brevibacteriaceae

Genus

Brevibacterium

Description

Brevibacterium linens is a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that thrives in mesophilic temperatures, functioning as a heterotroph and an aerotolerant anaerobe. This organism is commonly found on the surfaces of various cheeses, meats, and even human skin, where it plays a crucial role in the production of specific flavors and aromas. As a gram-positive bacterium, Brevibacterium linens possesses a thick peptidoglycan layer in its cell wall, which retains the crystal violet stain during the Gram staining process, giving it a distinctive purple appearance under a microscope. The rod shape of this microbe allows it to occupy various ecological niches, where it aids in the breakdown of organic matter. Preferring moderate temperatures between 20°C and 40°C, Brevibacterium linens thrives in environments frequently encountered in the food industry. Its heterotrophic metabolism means it relies on organic compounds for energy and growth, utilizing a variety of substrates found in dairy and protein-rich foods. As an aerotolerant anaerobe, it can survive in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments, allowing it to flourish on cheese surfaces even in the presence of oxygen, where it contributes to the ripening process. Beyond its role in food production, Brevibacterium linens has garnered interest in biotechnological applications. It is being studied for its potential in bioremediation processes and the production of bioactive compounds. This bacterium is also notable for its association with human skin, where it can contribute to body odor due to its ability to break down sweat components, underscoring its significance in both culinary and microbiological contexts.

Taxonomy

KingdomBacillati
PhylumActinomycetota
ClassActinomycetes
OrderMicrococcales
FamilyBrevibacteriaceae
GenusBrevibacterium
SpeciesBrevibacterium linens
StrainNo strain

Profile

Physiology
Gram staining propertiesPositive
ShapeRod
MobilityNot Available
Flagellar presenceYes
Number of membranesNot Available
Image of Brevibacterium linens
AI-generated image based on bacteria physiology
Ecology, Host, and Life Cycle
Oxygen requirementsAerobe
Optimal temperatureNot Available
Temperature rangeNot Available
Habitatarsenic-contaminated well water; groundwater; rind of a Danish Danbo cheese
Biotic relationshipNot Available
Host(s)Not Available
Cell arrangementNot Available
SporulationNonsporulating
Energy sourceNot Available
PathogenicityNot Available

Genome Summary

Brevibacterium linens strain Mu101 genome assembly, contig:

Gene Summary

Adenine Count

693850 bp

Thymine Count

688364 bp

Guanine Count

1263263 bp

Cytosine Count

1274695 bp

Genome Length

3920172 bp

Protein-coding Genes

3496 genes

Non-Coding Genes

52 genes

# of Chromosomes/Plasmids

1

Genes

NameLocus TagUniProt IDStrand OrientationGene Start/EndProtein Molecular Weight
transcriptional regulator, iclr familyBLIN101_02708Not AvailableNegative3033263 - 303407828224.2
formiminoglutamate deiminaseBLIN101_02709Not AvailableNegative3034131 - 303557950827.2
n-carbamoyl-l-amino-acid hydrolaseBLIN101_02710Not AvailableNegative3035576 - 303684443733.1
histidine ammonia-lyaseBLIN101_02711Not AvailableNegative3036965 - 303864157752.7
imidazolonepropionaseBLIN101_02712Not AvailableNegative3038677 - 304001447366.7
citronellol/citronellal dehydrogenaseBLIN101_02713Not AvailablePositive3040149 - 304103931156.0
urocanate hydrataseBLIN101_02714Not AvailableNegative3041251 - 304297262979.2
dna-binding transcriptional regulator, lysr familyBLIN101_02715Not AvailablePositive3043274 - 304416732091.3
acetyl-coa c-acetyltransferaseBLIN101_02716Not AvailablePositive3044435 - 304565843041.6
coa:oxalate coa-transferaseBLIN101_02717Not AvailablePositive3045872 - 304706841818.9

Displaying genes 2711 – 2720 of 3548 in total

Pathways

0 pathways

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this bacterium yet.

Metabolites

3 records
Metabolite IDMetabolite nameStructureCAS number
BASm0014519Linocin M18C91H146N24O27SChemical structure of Linocin M18NULL
Average2040.37Da
Monoisotopic2039.050996711Da
BASm00147563-hydroxyisorenierateneC40H48OChemical structure of 3-hydroxyisorenierateneNULL
Average544.823Da
Monoisotopic544.370516166Da
BASm00165013,3'-dihydroxyisorenierateneC40H48O2Chemical structure of 3,3'-dihydroxyisorenierateneNULL
Average560.822Da
Monoisotopic560.365430786Da

Displaying 1–3 of 3 metabolites

Health Effects

No health effects information available for this bacterium.